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Acromegaly
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Treatment Most Effective for Acromegaly
No single treatment is effective for all patients. Treatment should be individualized, and often combined, depending on patient characteristics such as age and tumor size.
If the tumor has not yet invaded surrounding nonpituitary tissues, removal of the pituitary adenoma by an experienced neurosurgeon is usually the first choice. Even if a cure is not possible, surgery may be performed if the patient has symptoms of neurological problems such as loss of peripheral vision or cranial nerve problems. After surgery, hormone levels are measured to determine whether a cure has been achieved. This determination can take up to 8 weeks because insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) lasts a long time in the body's circulation. If cured, a patient must be monitored for a long time for increasing growth hormone (GH) levels.
If surgery does not normalize hormone levels or a relapse occurs, an endocrinologist should recommend additional drug therapy. With each medication, long-term therapy is necessary because their withdrawal can lead to rising growth hormone (GH) levels and tumor re-expansion.
Radiation therapy is generally reserved for patients whose tumors are not completely removed by surgery, who are not good candidates for surgery because of other health problems, or who do not respond adequately to surgery and medication.
References:
National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service
NIH Publication No. 07-3924
April 2007
www.endocrine.niddk.nih.gov/pubs/acro/acro.htm
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